Abstract: Objective:To analyze the disease spectrum characteristics of pediatric emergency disease,and to improve the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric emergency physicians and the success rate of rescue.Method:From May 2010~ May 2011,6 463patients who visited the pediatric emergency department of our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Result:There were 6 172cases of children with ordinary emergency(95.5%).The age of onset is concentrated in 28days of~3years with a total of 4 532cases(73.43%).The top five diseases were upper respiratory tract infection in 4222cases(68.41%),bronchitis in 623cases(10.09%),diarrheal diseases in 411cases (6.66%),gastroenteritis in 271(4.39%),bronchial pneumonia in 262cases(4.24%).There were 291cases of children with severe emergency(4.50%).The age of onset is concentrated in 28day of~3years with a total of 245cases(84.19%).The top five diseases were severe pneumonia in 99cases(33.68%),seizure in 67cases(23. 02%),diarrhea and dehydration in 31cases(11.00%),continuous state of asthma in 16cases(5.5%),pneumonia complicated with congenital heart disease in 13cases(4.47%).Conclusion:Common infectious diseases of the respiratory and digestive systems are the mainly disease spectrum in pediatric emergency.Most patients are infants. Critically ill are often secondary to shock,heart failure,respiratory failure and are life threatening,and should be paid attention by pediatric emergency physicians.