Abstract: Objective: To investigate the relationships between the levels of the blood glucose and lactic acid and prognosis in the traumatic brain injured patients after surgical treatment.Method: 84 patients suffering from traumatic brain injury were divided into survival group and death group. The selected patients were on the basis of Glasgow Coma Scale score (GCS) less than 8 points and without history of diabetes,sugary liquid infusion, other parts of a serious of injury, significant organ disease. The patients were stay in hospital more thanone week. Venous blood and arterial blood samples were taken from all the patients at 0 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours after surgical treatment. Then we compare the levels of the glucose and lactic acid for different time. The relationships between the blood glucose, lactic acid and prognosis were analyzed.Result: The 84 patients after surgical treatment who had suffered traumatic brain injury had higher average of the blood glucose and lactic acid than normal (P<0.05). The level of blood glucose after 0 hour, 24 hours and 48 hours was negatively related with prognosis (r1=-0.581, r2=-0.443, r3=-0.177, P<0.05). The level of blood lactic acid was also negative to prognosis (r1=-0.300, r2=-0.364, r3=-0.117, P<0.05). The blood glucose and lactic acid at 0 hour and 24 hours were higher in the death group than the survival group (P<0.05).Conclusion: The average level of the blood glucose and lactic acid of the patients after surgical treatment who had suffered from traumatic brain injury, especially at the early stages, were obviously higher than normal. The levels of blood glucose and lactic acid after surgical treatment may be used as one of a simple clinical index for predicting the prognosis of the traumatic brain injury.