Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the effect of rhubarb combined with bedside plasma exchange on the treatment of patients with severe hyperlipoidemia acute pancreatitis.Method: Forty-seven patients with severe hyperlipoidemia acute pancreatitis were divided to treatment group (n=24) and control group (n=23). The indexes including blood triglyceride level, inflammatory factors, respiratory function, bowel function, Balthazar CT score, APACHEⅡscore, length of stay, hospital charges and mortality were observed.Result: There are four cases of slight complications, and no serious complications in 24 cases of bedside plasma. The blood triglyceride level and inflammatory factors level in treatment group on second day and eighth day after therapy were lower than those of congrol group (P<0.05). The cases and duration of mechanical ventilation in treatment group were less than those of congrol group. The comparison of oxygenation index and the amount of pleural effusion between two groups on second day and eighth day after therapy showed a significant difference (P<0.05). The intra abdominal pressure in treatment group on second day and eighth day after therapy were lower than those of congrol group (P<0.05). The first time of bowel movement and enteral nutrition in treatment group were earlier than those of congrol group (P<0.05). The comparison of APACHEⅡ score on second day, Balthazar CT score and APACHEⅡ score on the eighth day after therapy between two groups showed a significant difference (P<0.05). The length of stay, hospital charges and mortality in treatment group were lower than those of congrol group (P<0.05).Conclusion: The security of bedside plasma exchange is good. The combination of rhubarb and bedside plasma exchange has obvious effect on patients with severe hyperlipoidemia acute pancreatitis.